the two main things i’d try to focus on would be learning the general anatomy of a sword and figuring out how those parts can be simplified into 3d shapes!

by just googling the words “sword anatomy” i’ve found a couple sites that go over the different parts of a sword and their functions

(they all focus more on european swords so i’m focusing this post more on european swords as well because they’re kind of the “generic/default” type of sword. for other swords though you can probably just find the name of the type of the sword you want to draw and google about it (eg. i googled “katana parts” and found these resources.) if you want to be hardcore you can go to a library or something and read books about swords)

to sum it up though swords are basically like this:

and then the next part is just breaking things down into 3d shapes so that they’re easier to draw at different angles and stuff

(simplifying a sword into a pole or something also makes it a lot easier to pose onto a character)

there are all kinds of swords so in general i think it’s good to just keep an observant eye out for things like distinct shapes and details and stuff, and (most importantly) to actually apply and experiment with your observations in your art!